Story 20. The hometown of “Bur Te Chino”, the ancestor of Genghis Khan, and the hometown of “Alan Gowa”

Story 20. The hometown of “Bur Te Chino”, the ancestor of Genghis Khan, and the hometown of “Alan Gowa”

Episode 1. The hometown of Bur Te Chino, the ancestor of Genghis Khan

In addition to the fact that “Abnog Gang (Abnog  River 鴨淥江) Na/Ne (의) County (郡)” is the land that embraces “Ban’an County (盤安郡)”, the hometown of Kiyan, another important fact proves that it is “Arghana Kun.” That “Ban’an County (盤安郡)” is right next to “Jeongju (正州),” or “Bur Kun (沸流郡, Biryu County).”

Surprisingly, this land is the exact same place name as the hometown of “Bur-Te-Chino,” the legendary figure who “escaped from Arghana Kun” in Kiyan’s later generations. In the Secret History of the Mongols, the first ancestor who appears as the “root of Genghis Khan” is “Bur-te-chino.”

On the other hand, according to the Book of the Stewards and the Genealogy of the Turks, when the Mogol (Mongol) tribes escaped from there after a long time after the Kiyan party entered “Ergene Khun,” the most important chieftain among the many chieftains who led them was “Bur-te-chino.” If we analyze the name of this Bur-te-chino, it becomes “Bur-te-chino,” which is the title of “Bur (沸流)-Dae (大)-Sirang (氏郞)” whose hometown is “Bur-kun (沸流-郡, Biryu-gun).”

This person's name, who first appears in <the Secret History of the Mongols> as the ancestor of Genghis Khan, was incorrectly translated into Chinese as "Burtechino=蒼狼창낭" in the early Ming Dynasty Chinese character translation of the Secret History of the Mongols. However, most scholars today have uncritically accepted this. For this reason, the translation of the Secret History of the Mongols by Professor Yu Won-soo included in the introduction to this book interprets it as "gray blue wolf", and the translators of the <Secret History of the Mongols> published in France, Marie-Dominique Even and Rodica Pop, called it "blue wolf (Loup-Blue)", and Professor Yeo Dae-gyun of the People's Republic of China interpreted the name as "blue (蒼蒼) wolf (狼랑)" in his "translated and annotated version" of the <Secret History of the Mongols>. Like them, all scholars in the world followed this interpretation without exception.

However, this name is actually a Mongolianized sound of the original “Goguryeo-Balhae Idu-style” name “Buryeo [Bur] (沸流비류) - Dae (大[Te]) - Sirang (氏郞) [Chino].”

Also, Western history books such as <Genealogy of the Turks> have a history book that states that he is the “descendant of Kiyan,” who we have already revealed to be the son of Daeyabal, the king of Ban’an (Ilha = Ilhan), the son of ‘Gan (澗)’. Furthermore, among the “four states of Sinju (神州), Hwanju (桓州), Pungju (豊州), and Jeongju (正州)” that were under the “Balhae Gyeong Abnog River Ne (의) Commandery,”

“Pungju (豊州) = Ban’an Commandery (盤安軍)” and “Jeongju (正州) = Burkun (沸流郡 Biryu Commandery)” are the ancestral home of Kiyan and this Burtechino family. In the end, in the single land of “Abnog River Ne (의) Commandery,” there are as many as three place names related to the “Story of Ergene Kun.”

The <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>are

1) “A-b-rokana Kun’ which has the same sound and meaning as “Argan(鴨綠江)-Na(ui) Kun(郡)” in <Tarikh-e Monghul, 集史 History of Mongolia>and <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, or “Argan (鴨淥郡)-Ne(ui) Kun(郡)”

2) “Banangun(盤安郡)”, the hometown of Kiyan’s grandfather Daeyabal, and

3) “Bur te Chino”, which <Secret History of the Mongols> says is the root of Genghis Khan, or “Bur(沸流)-Dae(大)-Ssirang(氏郞)”, the hometown of Jungju(正州), the Balhae “Bur-Gun(沸流-郡)” through which the Biryu River (沸流水) flows.

Furthermore, 4) Fourthly, according to the Book of Eastern History, this land is the battleground of the Balhae-Tang War, the specific war of the “Great War between Tatar and Mogol.” Based on these four facts alone, “Ergene Kun” is “Arkan-ne (of) County = Abo River County =”Abnog River (鴨綠江) Ne (of) County (郡).”

Episode 2. “Abnog River Mountain (鴨綠江山)”, a sacred mountain sought by all Mongols of the Chinggis Khan line

Looking at the “Arkana Kun Mountain” and the place names around it, which the<Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries> says Kiyan and Nekuz fled to all night, we also look for the place names of the legendary “Alan Gowa” and “Shorhan Sharr,” an important figure related to Chinggis Khan and the benefactor of Chinggis Khan’s life. Here is a more specific place name of the mountain recorded in <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>

“Kayon and Nukuz, with their respective wives… … . began to flee on the horses of the captives. They barely reached a certain area at sunrise… … .. The shape of the mountain was made of mountain rocks, and there were many fruit trees and animals to hunt inside the mountain. The Turks call this mountain ‘Arka Na Kun’, which means “a steep valley.”

After fleeing all night, when the sun rose, they discovered the mountain before their eyes as “Argara Kun Mountain.” Regarding this mountain, <Gypsy Gossip of the Nameless> describes the place name as follows:

“In <The Eighty-Fourth Poem>, Paso personally plowed the Abnok Mountain. He did not think of the difficulties he was used for as difficulties. … Eulpaso (乙巴素) lived secretly in the valley of Abnoksan (鴨淥山谷). Anryu (晏留) of Dongdo (東都) recommended him. The king appointed Eulpaso (乙巴素) as the prime minister.” “Abnoksan (鴨淥山)” is definitely a mountain named after the “Amnok River (鴨綠江)” that flows next to it. This is a mountain that can be written as “Abnok River Mountain (鴨綠江山)” in colloquial language.

This is “Aroganna (ui) Mountain” and colloquially translated as “Amnok River (鴨綠江)-ne (ui)-gun (郡)-san (山)” is “Aroganna Kun Mountain.” The name of this mountain is “Argana Kun Mountain” mentioned in the <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>.

Then where is this mountain? According to the <Seungjeongwon Diary, 1712> recorded by the Joseon government, “The Abnok River originates from Abnok Mountain, flows through Baekdu Mountain, Pyesagun, and Uiju, and the dead end of Pyesagun is the source of the river.” This source of the Amnok River is between Hyesanjin in the south and Large pond (Cheonji Lake) of Baekdu Mountain in the north. It is near the land called Samsu (三水) Gapsan (甲山), which is generally referred to as the most remote area… ..”

<Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries> described the mountain as “a piece of paper that fell from the sky.” This appearance is the same as the Malgal name of “Chungcheonryeong (衝天嶺)” that divides the west and north of Pyeonganbuk-do, meaning “a saddle that pierces the sky.” This pass is in the same area as Seolhanryeong (薛罕嶺) and Jeokyuryeong (逖踰嶺).

Therefore, the “Argana Kun Mountain” must refer to the mountains in the area surrounded by these three mountains. The last scene of the “Great War with the Turkic Tribe” in<Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>is as follows:

“Kayon and Nukuz… barely reached one area at sunrise… How many mountains were connected to each other. The path into them was closed. One mountain stood like a sculpture. It was as if it had fallen from the sky. God created its appearance like this. Inside, it was full of water and pastures like heaven. It was a better land than heaven. However, the road was protected by mountains and valleys… The Turks call this mountain Arkhana Kon, which means ‘a steep valley.’”

The mountain symbolizes the appearance of Chungcheonryeong (衝天嶺; a mountain that pierces the sky), Seolhanryeong (薛罕嶺), and Jeokyuryeong (逖踰嶺; a mountain that must be crossed) that divide the west and north of Pyeonganbuk-do.

There is another strong evidence that this is Arkhana Kun Mountain. In the <Secret History of the Mongols>, there is a savior named “Shorkhan Shar” who pretended not to see Temujin hiding in the water when he was a prisoner and helped him escape. ‘Seolhanryeong (薛罕嶺)’ is the first part of his name, which is the hometown of “Shorhan”, “Shorhan (薛罕), Deok (嶺). “Shorhan Shar” is the Mongolian translation of “Shorhan (薛罕) Hwang (黃)”

Episode 3. Hometown of “Alan Gowa”, the ancestor of Genghis Khan and the mother of all Mongols

Where did the legendary mother of all Mongols, “Alan Gowa”, come from? Judging from the sound of its name, the “Arghana Kon Mountain” that Kiyan and Takaz entered earlier was located at the end of a closed administrative district during the Joseon Dynasty. It was “Abnok Mountain” near Baegudu Mountain, and as mentioned in the<Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, it was a mountain that could be reached in one night by horseback from the military camp of the Balhae Capital Amnok Commandery. The shape and topography of this mountain and the surrounding mountains are extremely similar to the ones depicted in <Tarikh-e Monghul, 集史 History of Mongolia> and <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>.

The party of Kiyan, the legendary ancestor of Genghis Khan, entered a valley in the “four abandoned counties” of Yeoyeon, Jaseong, Muchang, and Uye in the northern part of Kanggye-bu, Pyeonganbuk-do, surrounded by Chungcheonryeong (衝天嶺; a mountain that pierces the sky), Seolhanryeong (薛罕嶺), Jeokyuryeong (逖踰嶺; a mountain that must be surpassed), and “Garibong (加里峯, or ‘Goryeobong’).”

<Annals of the Joseon Dynasty> In 1445, in the 27th year of King Sejong's reign, Lee Seon-ro, a left-ranking official in the Ministry of Rites, reported to the king,

"I have searched thoroughly through the mountains from Ganggye (江界), and there is no reason to suspect anything south of the Amnok River (鴨綠江), but... the lands that the people are suspicious of are only the area east of Hwaheon (和獻) in Ganggye (江界), west of Beolsang (伐相) in Bukcheong (北蘭), north of Aran (阿蘭) in Hamheung(咸興), and south of Amnok (鴨淥) in Hyesan (惠山). Looking at the current situation, it takes about 15 to 16 days to travel from Ganggye(江界) to Bukcheong(北蘭), and about 10 days to travel from Hamheung(咸興) to Amnok(鴨淥).

The empty land in between is surrounded by mountains on all sides, and there are many waters flowing around, so the land is good for farming and people can live there. It is truly a place where counties can be established.”

In the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, Lee Seon-ro recorded that “the roads are extremely rough and it is a region where the “Josin (Jurchen, 女眞)”, a branch of the Balhae royal family, became the chieftain.” Here, “Amnok of Hyesan” (惠山) is part of “Arga Khan,” and various scenes are similar to the description of the area around “Arga-na-kun Mountain” in the <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>.

 In particular, “Aran (阿蘭) of Hamheung(咸興)” is the 11th ancestor of Genghis Khan in <the Secret History of the Mongols>, “Korras” of the <Tarikh-e Monghul, 集史 History of Mongolia> or “Alan Gowa” of “Korilardai Mergen (Malgal of the Goryeo clan” of the <Secret History of the Mongols>, the daughter of “Aran Goga (阿蘭高哥=Geolga)”, or “Aran (阿蘭)”, the hometown of the legendary female ancestor of Genghis Khan, “Aran Gowa”. “It is said that she was born from “Ari-g-us”, or “Ari (鴨)-water”, which is the Abnog River.