Story 64. Arslan Khan of the Kongrat Tribe's War of Revenge
for the Death of Okin Barkak
From Google
Shortly before Yesugei Baatar, the father of Genghis Khan,
met Aelun Ujin, "Arslan Khan" of the Kongrat Tribe, who was
indignant at the death of Yesugei's great-uncle Okin Barkak, went on a war of
revenge against the Jin Dynasty for his death.
The Secret History of the Mongols mentions Genghis Khan's
wife, "Burte Ujin", and her father, "Dey Sechen." <The Garden of Fortune> states that "Arslan
Khan" was the grandfather of Burte Ujin and the father of Dey Sechen.
Since <the Garden of Fortune> is the "Golden
Book" of the Kongrat Tribe, we will first learn about Arslan Khan's
genealogy and the war of aggression against the Jin Dynasty.
『Zail Khan of the Konggrat tribe soon
appointed his son Mongge as his successor, and Zagan Khan abandoned the world. Mo’ngge
Khan was a powerful and generous king. He had seven sons: Pashan, Sengi, Jamuqa, Baysun, Arslan, Qubday, and
So’yu’nch.Most Konggrat people were descendants of them.
Mongke sent his four sons, who were older than Arslan,
along with 20,000 Konggrat people, to the banks of the Kara-Muren River, where
they took possession and settled.
After Mongke Khan died, Arsla Khan was renowned for his
sovereignty, crown, and righteousness. Qabul Khan's son, Yarkak (= Okin Barkak
<Mongol Secret History>), was one of Aruja Khatun's sons, and it is said
that Altan Khan of Khitay killed him.
Because of this, Arslan Khan came with an army and
plundered the Khitay region called Khan-baligh, and killed one of Altan Khan's
amirs named Toqu Chingsang, and returned home.
He was respected and honored among the Khans of Mongolia. He had ten sons. The eldest son was Dey Noyan. He handed
over the rule of the people (el) to him and he went his father's way.'』
Episode 1. The reason why Arslan Khan of the Kongrat tribe
and Okin Barkak of the Korras tribe are cousins/maternal cousins
Here we will find out why Arslan Khan of the Kongrat tribe
and Okin Barkak of the Korras tribe are cousins/maternal cousins.
The father of Arslan Khan, who was the paternal grandfather
of "Burte Kauchin" of <The Garden of Fortune> or "Burte
Ujin" of <The Secret History of the Mongols>, was Mongke Khan. This
Mongke Khan had a sister named Aruja Khatun. She was Arslan Khan's maternal
aunt.
She married the famous Kabul Khan, who was the
great-grandfather of Genghis Khan and was feared by even the Jin emperor.
She gave birth to several sons, the eldest of whom was Okin
Barkak, the great-grandfather of Genghis Khan. The second son was Vartan
Baatar, the grandfather of Genghis Khan.
<Konggrat>
<Khoras>
[Zail Khan]
[Tumbinai Khan]
↙ ↘ ↓
[Mongke
Khan ] [Aruja Khatun (sister)] ↔ [Kabul Khan]
↓ ↙ ↘
[Arslan
Khan] [Okin Barak] [Vartan Baatar]
↓ ↓
[Day
Noyan(Day Sechen)] [Yesugei Baatar]
↓ ↓
[Burte Kawchin (Wujin)] [Temujin]
Therefore, Okin Barkak and Arslan Khan were each other's
"maternal cousin" and "maternal cousin." Arslan Khan was
also the maternal cousin of Genghis Khan's grandfather, Vartan Baatar. Because of this blood relationship, Arslan Khan took
revenge for the death of his maternal cousin.
To do this, he rode southwest and attacked the Khanbaligh
of Altan Khan of the Jin Dynasty. This "Khanbaligh" means "the
emperor's castle."
However, this "Khanbaligh" was not the Kaifeng (開封), the capital of the late Jin Dynasty. The travelogue
<Milion> written by Italian Marco Polo, a Tuscan version of his
travelogue, recorded “cobalu” and “canbalu”, which sound similar to
“Konbulyeo”, which is today’s “Beijing”. Arslan Khan, who invaded Beijing, returned after killing
“Toqu Chingsang”, the Beijing governor of the “Great Jin Dynasty Emperor”.
Episode 2. Revenge against the Tatar tribe of Kotala Khan
and Yesugei, appointed by Ambagai Khan.
When Arslan Khan of Kongrat returned from beating Beijing,
a new Khan was being elected in the Mongol government. Under the instructions
of Ambagai Khan, who was assassinated by Altan Khan, Genghis Khan's grandfather
Vartan Baatar's second younger brother, "Kotala", ascended to the
throne as "Khan" of Kamak Mongol and Taichood tribe.
Genghis Khan's second great-grandfather "Kotala"
was the fourth son of Al Khan Khan among the seven sons of Genghis Khan's
great-grandfather Kabul Khan, following the eldest son Okin Barkak, who died,
and Vartan Baatar, the second son and grandfather of Temujin.
Prior to this, Kabul Khan could have given the Khanship to
any of his seven sons, but he had designated "Ambagai", the son of
his cousin Sengum Bilge, as the Khan of Kamak Mongol. But this time, Ambagai
Khan, who was on the verge of death, returned the title of “Khan” to one of the
sons of his fifth cousin, Azebi Kabul Khan, who had passed the title to him.
Accordingly, Kamak Mongol and Taichod held a Kubiltai and
officially enthroned “Kotala” as the Khan of Kamak Mongol and Taichi Od
(Daesi-Od (家門)) tribe. At the same time, they
resolved to wage a war of revenge against the Tatars and the Jin Dynasty. Then they held a grand feast. Regarding this, <Secret
History of the Mongols> recorded it as follows:
『After Ambagai Khan was captured, he
mentioned the names of Kadah and Kotala, so Kamak Mongol and Taichod (Taichi
Od) gathered at a land called Kondi in Korkonak on the Onon water and made a
peace treaty and installed Kotala as the Khan.
The joy of the Mongols was dancing and feasting. After
Kotala was seated in the Khan, he held a feast under the lush trees of
Korkonak, dancing until his ribs scraped the ground and his knees dug into the
ground.』
After this feast, Kotala immediately commanded the Kamak
Mongol and Taichiod tribe alliance to prepare for a war of revenge against the
Tatar people. Because of this, as mentioned earlier, Yesugei Batar was
preparing for war and going out hunting to warm up.
At this time, he met Lady Eelun, the wife of Dae In-seon,
the last king of Balhae, the “King of Goryeo (高麗王 靺鞨) of the “Gorban-Mergid” tribe, and kidnapped her with his brothers
to make her his wife.
The Qing Dynasty historians interpreted the sound of this
“Gorban-Mergid” as a Mongolian sound, “Three Kinds (Gorban)-Mergid.” Because
“Gorban” is “3” in Mongolian. However, the sound “Gorban” is actually the sound
of “King of Goryeo” in Malgal, and “Mergid” is “Malgal.” Then, “Gorban-Mergid”
should be interpreted as the sound of “King of Goryeo Malgal” in Malgal, not
Mongolian, and this is in contrast to “King of Balhae Malgal.” It is just like
“Yeke Chiledo” is “Dae (大)-Childu” in Malgal.
Here, we need to look at the meaning of the name “Yesugei
Baatar.” “Yesugei Baatar”, “Yesugei” is the Mongolian word for “九一哥”, and “Baatar” is the title of “Makhadol (莫賀咄)” in the Malgal language and “寞何咄makhadol (薩살)” in the Goguryeo language, which means “Malgal leader (king)”.
Here, “Gu九” sounds like “Go高” and “Geol乞”, but in fact, “Gu九” was used as the “perfect maximum number” in Goguryeo, Balhae, Jin,
Liao, and Mongolia. Also, the Mongolian surname ending “-gai (哥)” originally came from “ga (哥)”, which was
used as the surname ending in Malgal. Therefore, “Jesus (九)-Gai (哥)” was the name that means “the
leader of all (Gu九) tribes (Ga哥)
of the Mongols (Malgal).”
Episode 3. Kotala Khan’s 13th revenge war against the
Tatars and the birth of Temujin
Kotala, who became the new Khan with the approval of the
Kuriltai according to the will of Ambagai Khan, finally began a revenge war
against the Tatar people.
Regarding this, <The Secret History of the Mongols>
says as follows:
『Kotala and Mongso Kadan Taiji rode out on
horseback to avenge the Tatar people, and fought against the Tatar Kotan Barak
and Jali Bokad 13 times. However, they were not able to properly avenge Ambagai
Khan.』
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