Story 36. The son of Geumhaeng, who entered the “Josin (Jurchen) land” “Wan’anbu”, and the 14th great-grandfather of Genghis Khan, Bohwal-ri, who entered Yara (耶懶)

Story 36. The son of Geumhaeng, who entered the “Josin (Jurchen) land” “Wan’anbu”, and the 14th great-grandfather of Genghis Khan, Bohwal-ri, who entered Yara (耶懶)

Episode 1. The youngest son of Geumhaeng, the Golden Jar, Tusbudau/Bohwal-ri (保活里)

The descendant tribe of Bohwal-ri (Tusbuda), the third son of Geumhaeng, the Golden Jar, was confirmed to be the tribe of Alan Gowa, the 5th great-granddaughter of the Golden Jar, called the “mother of all Mongolians,” and her 10th great-grandfather, Genghis Khan. Therefore, according to the genealogy of the <Secret History of the Mongols>, we will look into the deeds of Alan Gowa, the 10th great-grandfather of Genghis Khan, and her son, “Bodonchar (Bojanchar)”, and the ancestors of Genghis Khan below them.

First, let's look at the story of the deeds of the two sons of the Golden Jar, Hambo (函普) and the 4th great-grandfather of Alan Gowa, Bohwal-ri (保活里), and also examine the relationship between the direct and collateral ancestors of Genghis Khan.

Rashid recorded the deeds of the genealogical figures in "Tusbudau" of <Tarikh-e Monghul, 集史 History of Mongolia>, which confirmed Bohwal-ri (保活里) the 3^rd son of <Golden Jar>, up to the 4th great-grandfather of "Alan Gowa".

That is, he recorded Bohwal-ri and his two sons, "Karanut" and "Kongliut", the latter's son "Misar Uluq", the latter's son "Khorras", and his daughter "Alan Gowa". However, <Tarikh-e Monghul, History of Mongolia> did not say anything about the specific era in which they lived, their country, or the circumstances of their homeland.

That is why some Russian and Mongolian scholars today have proposed the theory that Alan Gowa is a woman from around 900, but none of them know anything about what kind of people, what country, what region, and what ethnicity she, her father, grandfather, and ancestors lived in.

Furthermore, scholars generally consider <Secret History of the Mongols> to contain a more authentic genealogy than <Tarikh-e Monghul, History of Mongolia>. However, the <Secret History of the Mongols>, other than the deeds of “Korrasu” and his daughter Alan Gowa (Alan Gowa), did not even record the names of their ancestors.

The <Secret History of the Mongols> records the lineage of the ancestors of “Dobon Mergen”, who was not the father of “Bodonchar”, the youngest son of Alan Gowa’s five sons, the two sons born to Dobon Mergen, and the third son born after his death from the second man who was represented as the “Man in the Light”, and the 9th great-grandfather of Genghis Khan, up to “Burtechino”.

Therefore, the lineage of the true direct ancestors of Genghis Khan could not go beyond Alan Gowa and Korrasu Mergen. It had already been revealed above that Alan Gowa's 4th great-grandfather Tusbuda was Bohwal-ri (保活里) of <Jin Dynasty History>.

Therefore, now, looking at <Jipsa Tarikh-e Monghul, History of Mongolia>, we will find out who were the descendants of Tusbuda (Bohwal-ri), the third son of the Golden Jar, and the deeds of the major figures, specifically in the Eastern History or our history, and where and how they lived.

Regarding the descendants of Tusbuda (Bohwal-ri), the third son of the Golden Jar, and the major figures, <Jipsa Tarikh-e Monghul, History of Mongolia> briefly states as follows:

“[The third son of the Golden Jar] Tusbudau (Bohwal-ri 保活里); He had two sons, Karanut and Kongliut. This Kongliut took his father's wife and had a son by her, whose name was Misar U'lu'k. He also took his father's wife and had a son by her,whose name was Qo'rulas. The whole Qo'rulas race is his descendant.

Qo'rulas took a wife from Kitai and had a son by her, whose name was Iljigin, and the whole Qo'rulas race is his descendant. ∙∙∙∙∙ The three tribes that formed three independent races came from the sons of this Tusbudau, as follows:

Qo'rulas; this Qo'rulas was the eldest son of Tusbudau, and all the races called Qo'rulas are from him.

Kongliut: This Kongliut had a son named Misar Uluk, 'Uluk' means 'one who is not afraid of anything'. Also, 'corpse' is called by the same word. He had a habit of not waking up for three days when he fell asleep. He was so strong that the poles of his tent were like whips in his hands. It is said that in the spring he would gather clams on the shore of the lake, put them in a sack, and roast them to eat.

Once, while he was bringing a sack full of clams, he fell asleep on the sack and did not wake up for three days. A bird called Iru', when he did not move, thought he was a pile of dirt and laid an egg on his back. This Misar Uluk took his father's wife and had a son by her, whose name was Korras, and all the tribes are his descendants. Although the origin of Korras is from ‘Altan Kodoka’, or ‘Golden Jar’, and they are brothers of Kongrat and Ikires, they are always enemies and fight each other. ∙∙∙∙∙

Iljigin; Misar Ulugh took a wife from Kitai. The story of her is as follows. She came from Kitai on a mule, and her purpose was to save her husband. Her name was Dau’ qai Yabu’daq, “Dau’ qai” in Kitai means ‘flower’ and ‘Yabu’daq’ means ‘life riding on a mule’. Misar Ulugh had a son from her and named him Iljigin because the mule is called iljige and the wife came on a mule. All the Ilji tribes came from that son.”

Considering the genealogy of <Tarikh-e Monghul, Collected History of Mongolia> and the father-daughter relationship between “Korlardai Mergen (Korlas)” and “Alan Gowa” in <The Secret History of Mongolia>, the genealogy in the above quoted text is

Tusbuda (Bohwali 保活里) → [Karanutwa] Kongliut brothers → Misar Uluk → Korlas = Korlardai Mergen [and Iljigin half-brother]→ Alan Gowa (Alan Gowa).

Geumhaeng, the Golden Jar and the Dragon King of the West Sea, was a “Balhae royal family.” Of the three sons, the eldest, Ago-rae, remained in his hometown of Pyeongju, but his second brother, Hambo, and youngest brother, Bohwali, left Pyeongju and went to.

Let’s trace where they went. This is because it is very important to find the life and actions of the founder of the Jin Dynasty and the founder of Genghis Khan. The history of Jin and his three sons is an important historical trace that reveals the roots of not only Mongolia but also Central Asia, especially Uzbekistan and the Qing Dynasty.

<Jin Dynasty History> left a record that says, “The founder lived in the foot of the Mokerimul (僕幹水, Bogansu) of Ongkhanbu (完顔部, Wanyanbu), and Bokori (保活里, Bohwalri) lived in Gyarai (耶懶, Yala).” Also, <Jin Dynasty History Segi (金史世紀)> left a record that says, “The founder went to Ongkhanbu (完顔部) and lived there for a long time...”

If we look up where the two regions of “Mokkeori-mul (僕幹水, Bokgan-su)” and “Gyarai (耶懶, Yara)” are today, “Mokkeori (僕幹, Bokgan)” is “Muguri=Goguryeo” and “Gyarai (耶懶, Yara)” is the Chinese characters that sounded like that at the time for “Goryeo.” “Yara 耶懶” was also called Galajeon (曷懶甸) or Hapran-ro (合蘭路). Regarding the location of these two regions, Jeong Yak-yong (丁若鏞 1762-1836), a Silhak (Realist School of Cufucian) scholar of the 18th century during the Joseon Dynasty, said, “Bokgansoo (僕幹水, Bokgansoo) should be north of Gilju (吉州), and Yara (耶懶) was Hamheung (咸興).” Hambo went to Samsu (三水) and Gapsan (甲山), which were a little further northwest than Gilju (吉州).

On the other hand, his younger brother Bohwal-ri went to Yara (耶懶), or Hamheung (咸興) and Alsae (斡塞) as mentioned by Jeong Yak-yong. At that time, it refers to a wider area than the current Hamheung area, <Yeonkyungjae Jeonwaejip (延經齋全外集)> says that especially Bohwal-ri (保活里) entered the mountain “Yara (耶懶)” and “Naran (羅暖나난)” located to the west of Sansu (山水) and Gapsanbu (甲山府).

The land of “Yara (耶懶)” was Balhae “Donggyeong/East Capital (東京) Yongwonbu (龍原府)” during the era of Bohwal-ri = Tusbudau who entered Yara in the mid-800s. To the west, it bordered Balhae’s Seogyeong/West Capital (西京) Amnokbu (鴨綠府). Judging from the fact that he entered here, this land must have been part of the territory ruled by his 5th great-grandfather, King of Panan County, Daeyabal.

“Yara” was called “Gala-tang (曷懶甸, Gala-jeon)” around the Jin Dynasty, and “Hap-ran-ro (合蘭路)” during the Yuan Dynasty. These place names are called “Gora-tang (曷懶甸, Gala-jeon)” and “Kor-ra-ra (合蘭路, Hap-ran-ro) = Kor-ra” in the old pronunciation, which is “Goryeo-na (高麗那)” in the Goryeo language. “Gorai (Gala) = Kora (Hapran) = Korai (Goryeo) - Land (former 甸)) = Ra (路) = Na (那나)” are words that correspond to each word.

In particular, “Hapranro (合蘭路)”, which was the sound that the Mongolians of the Yuan Dynasty made when reading Chinese characters, was pronounced as “Korara (Korra)” at the time. This meant that the “Korras tribe” is a phonetic variation of the sound “Korra”, and the old sound “Korra/Gaora” is the sound “-ㄹ-” inserted into the sound “Go-ㄹ-ra”, so “Kurro-ut” means “Goryeo-(people)” and can be reduced to “Goryeo-ut (Mongolian clan suffix)”.

In <신석노걸대언해(新釋老乞大諺解)> written 250 years ago in 1763 (Yeongjo 39), the sound of the word “Goryeo” was written as “가ㅁ0-려”. This is a sound that sounds like “가부려” and “가우려”, which are close to “크부려” and “고려”. This place name with the root of “가부려/가우려(고려)” was “고라이땅(曷懶甸갈라전)” during the Jin Dynasty, which was Hamheung during Jeong Yak-yong’s time.

This sounds like “Gaburya” and “Gaurya”, which are close to “Keobureo” and “Goryeo”. The place names with the root of “Gaburya/Gaurya (Goryeo)” are “Goraitang (曷懶甸Galajeon=Galatan)” during the Jin Dynasty, which was Hamheung during Jeong Yak-yong’s time, and “Korara (Hapranro)” during the Yuan Dynasty, which were exactly the same as the name of the father of “Korara (Hapranro)-s (Qurlas)” in <Jipsa Tarikh-e Monghul, History of Mongolia>, who was the third-generation descendant of “Tusbudau (Bohwali)” who lived there. He is the father of Alan Gowa, the mother of all Mongols. Of course, his name recorded in <Secret History of the Mongols> is “Korirardai Mergen”. This name of the same person is “Temur Toshi (←Tomar Tashi, Chomar Dashi, Sokmal Daeshi)” in <Saguksa Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, and “Bohwali” in <Jin Dynasty History>, and these names are respectively interpreted as “Chief (長) of Daeshibu (大氏府)”, “Da (大)-ssi of Daeshibu”, and “Bokhori (Bohwali)”.

As the Malgal interpretation of “Tusbudau” shows that it was “chief of Daeshi village”, “Yara” where he went to live was a Daeshi clan village. At the same time, Alan Kowa's father "Korras", or "Korirardai Mergen" in the "Secret History of the Mongols", took the name of the very region of "Korara (Hapranro)" where his great-grandfather settled, and added "-s=ssi" to make his own name (稱號/貫鄕) "Korras". Looking at this, "Tusbudau" was a title, and it means "chief of the Dae clan village", and "Bohwali" in the "<Jin Dynasty History>" was the "name" of a person with the title of "chief of the Dae clan village" in the words "Bokori" and "Mokuri", or "Malgal = Goguryeo".

"Yara 耶懶" changed into "Jalair" in the Tungusic language. In other words, this place name was transformed into the Tungus-style phonetic name of the “Jalair” tribe in <the Tarikh-e Monghul, History of Mongolia>. The original hometown of the tribe with the “Jalaisr” origin, who committed the great atrocity of killing the eight sons of Lady Monolun, the wife of Dotum Mene Khan, the 7th great-grandfather of Genghis Khan, is this “Yara 耶懶.”

   Seafaring in the Bohai States/Springer Link