Story 71. Examination of the connection between the 8 Tatar Khans and the 4 generations (1st to 4th generations)

 Story 71. Examination of the connection between the 8 Tatar Khans and                                                   the 4 generations (1st to 4th generations)

 <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries> talks about the “8 Tatar Khans”

List of the “8 Tatar Khans”

『1. Totor Khan

    2. Buko Khan

    3. Al-Muzanna Khan

    4. Ansil Khan/Alairi Khan

    5. Et-Siz Khan - King

    6. Odu Khan - Master of Totor Ulus

    7. Boi-Du Khan - Moved the army toward the border of Mogul District; Invasion from                   Tang

    8. Sewinchi Kon

 

The genealogy of the 4th generation identified from <Cheonnamsaeng Epitaph (泉男生 墓誌銘)> is now the genealogy of “Daedaero (大對盧)” identified from <Cheonnamsan Epitaph (泉男産 墓誌銘)>, his youngest brother

『 1. Ziyou (莫離支-大對盧)

      2. Taejo (太祚, Mokriji-Daedaero)

      3. Gaegeum (蓋金, Taedaero)

      4. Cheonnamsaeng (泉男生, Taedaero Mokriji), Cheonnamgeon (泉男建, Daedaero                       Mokriji), Cheonnamsan (泉男産, Taedaero Mokriji)

 Would the above exotic names really match the names of the people in the Gaesomun (蓋蘇文) family?

This verification is a very difficult task that requires looking at the sounds and meanings of the names while crossing the boundaries of various languages ​​in various periods, such as Goguryeo language in the 6th to 8th centuries → Mongolian language in the 12th century → Turkic-Persian language in the 15th to 18th centuries.

 Episode 1. The first “Tatar Khan” ‘Adal (子)-No (遊) Generations’

First of all, is the first person of the “Tatar Eight Khans” mentioned in <Saguk-sa Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, “Totor Kon”, the grandfather of Gaegeum (蓋金), “Jayu (子遊)”, who first held the office of “Daedaero (大對盧)”?

Yes. Because <Cheon Nam-saeng Epitaph (泉男生 墓誌銘)> says, “Great-grandfather Jayu (子遊) and grandfather Taejo (太祚) both held the office of Mokriji (莫離支, Makriji)”, which was the same as the position of “Daedaero (大對盧)”.

 Also, if “Jayu (子遊)” is the first generation of Daedero, then it is his proper name. Regardless of "Jayu (子遊)", it is natural to call him "Tatar Khon (汗)" after his official title. It is the word written by Khiva Khan Abulgazi.

In addition, the name "Jayu (子遊)" is interpreted as "Adal (子)-No (遊)" in Goguryeo Hyangchal (高句麗 鄕札), and if we add his official title "Daedaero (大對盧)" to this, we can call him "Adal (子)-No (遊) Daedaero (大對盧)", or "Adalla Tatar Khan."

Ja (子) means "Adl(son)" in modern Korean, and Yu (遊) is interpreted as "Nol Yu = to wander around and play."

Therefore, this problem is simply solved as a problem of interpretation rather than a problem of exploration and discovery.

 Episode 2. The correspondence between the 2nd “Buko Kon” and “Taejo/Daejo (太祚/大祚)”

In the following <사국사Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, the 2nd Tatar Khan “Buko Kon”, or “Buko Khan”, is his father “Taejo/Daejo (太祚/大祚)” from the Gaesomun lineage.

We have already confirmed that he was the second “Dae-daero (大對盧)” in his recorded lineage.

If so, he should be the 2nd “Tatar Khan” “Buko Khan”.

In that case, one question arises: are “Buko Khan” and “Taejo/Daejo (太祚/大祚)” the same name? Soon, if the name of “Taejo/Daejo (太祚/大祚)” is the same as the name of the second Tatar Khan, “Buko Khan,”

then the two must be the same person. The conclusion is exactly that.

 Because “Buko-” is the same name as “Baekgo (伯固)”, the name of the eighth Goguryeo King, “New Great King,” and this “Baekgo (伯固)” is a Goguryeo Idu (高句麗 吏讀) notation that borrows only the sounds of the Chinese characters for the Goguryeo word “eldest (eldest child).” Soon, the sound of “Baekgo (伯固)” in the Chinese dialect of the Tang, Song, and Yuan Dynasties was an intermediate sound between “Bat Geot” and “Mat Geot(eldest son),” and the “Mat Geon(eldest son)” was written in Goguryeo Idu, choosing the Chinese character “伯” to mean a more wonderful meaning, namely “high-ranking official close to the king.”

However, “Buto-” = “Baekgo (伯固)” = “eldest thing” is exactly equivalent to his name “大(太)치(祚)” = “Taejo (太祚)”, that is, “eldest thing.”

If so, “Buko Khan” is the same as the names of Taejo (太祚) and Daejo (大祚). “Jang-bogo = Jang-boko = Jang-eldest son” in “Jang Bogo” is also the same.

 <사국사Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries> recorded his original Goguryeo sound name, namely, "Buko", the sound of "eldest", which is his "childhood name (字)".

In contrast, <Epitaph 墓誌銘> and historical records write the name "eldest=Buko" as "Taejo (太祚)=Keunchu", which is a Chinese character translation of the same meaning. If so, it would be appropriate for "Taejo (太祚)" to be recorded as "Buko Khan" in <사국사Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>.

This name is consistent with the story that the name of "Mo'ngke", the eldest son of "Tului", originally meant "eldest". In other words, "Mo'ngke=Boko=eldest".

 The name “Mongke (Mo’ngke)”, the eldest son of Tolui, the youngest son of Genghis Khan, or “eldest one”, is not what scholars today usually interpret as “Mongke = eternal” based on the sound and meaning of the Mongolian language, but is originally a name from Goguryeo-Malgal, “Mongke = Boko = eldest one”.

 Episode 3. The third “Al-Muzanna Khan” is “Iri-ga-suri (伊梨柯須彌)” with “-khan (汗)” added to “Gaegeum (蓋金)”

In <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, the third “Tatar Khan”, “Al-Muzanna Khon” of “Buko Khan” is “Taedae-daero/Makriji (太大對盧/莫離支) Gaegeum (蓋金)” himself.

This name is written as “Yalija Khon” in <The Garden of Fortune, Firdaus al-iqbal, History of Khorezm>, and in the <A General History of the Turks, Moguls, and Tatars>, it appears as "Alinza Khan (Alinza Chan)". This name is the same as "Irigasuri (mi) (伊梨柯須彌)" in Volume 24 of <Nihon Shoki (日本書紀)>."  

"Alinza Khan" and "Yaliza Kon" are the sounds of the old sound of the name "Irigasuri (mi) (伊梨柯須彌)", "Kulga-char = 大氏-設/Kilga-soli (伊梨柯-須彌, Irigasuri)", which was first Oronki-Ewonkiized into "Hilaiga-char", then Mongolianized into "Ala-i-g-char", and then Turkicized into Persianized into "Ali-za-kon".

The "-kon" added here is “-Khan”, and eventually “Alinza Khan (Alinza Chan)”.

“Alinza Khan” is analyzed as “A-lin-ja-han”, and “Yaliza Kon” is analyzed as “Yal-li-ja-kon”, both of which are nothing more than the earlier form of the Goguryeo title “Kil/Keul (Iri)-ga-suri (伊梨-柯-須彌)”, to which the title “-Kon (kin/han)”, i.e. “-gong/wang/rangun”, was added.

 Episode 4. The 4th “Ettela Khan” is “A-d.ㅣ (男)-na (生) Khan”

In <Saguksa, Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>, the 4th “Tatar Khan” is “Ansil Kon”, who is also called “Alai-ri Kon”. It was written ,meanwhile, the name of the fourth “Tatar Khan” written in <A General History of the Turks, Moguls, and Tatars> is “Ettela Chan”, and his name written in <The Garden of Fortune, Firdaus al-iqbal, History of Khorezm> is “Otli Kon”.

He is the eldest son of “Gaesomun” who became “Taedae-Makriji” in the third generation, “Cheon Nam-saeng”.

 First, if we read the name “Nam-saeng (男生)” in Goguryeo-style hyangchal (鄕札) and “read its meaning (Hundok)”, his true Goguryeo name is “A-d. l (son,男)-na (生)”, or “Adl (son 男)-Na (生)”. There was also a Silla person who had the same name as this ‘Adallah’. The 8th king of Silla, “Adallah Isageum (阿達羅 尼師今, reigned from 154 to 184 year)” was him.

 However, this name “Adl(son 男)-Na (生)” is exactly the same as the 4th Tatar Khan “Ettela Chan” and “Otli Kon” recorded in these two historical books. This is because this “Adallah” was written in Persian letters that omitted vowels such as “a-e-o” and read as Turkic sounds, which is “Otli Kon” and “Ettela Khan”.

Ultimately, “Otli Kon” and “Ettela Khan” written in Western historical books are the Goguryeo name “Adallah” which is usually called “Adl(son男)-Na (生)”, and in Silla style, “Adallah (阿達羅)”.

 This “Adallah” male, or “Otli Kon”, is also recorded as “Alai Kon”, the latter being not his “name” but his surname. Because “Alai Kon” is “Al (乙)-Lai (支)-Ir (氏) Khan”.

This “Alai” is exactly as the <Zizhi Tongjian (資治通鑑)> says, “Eulji (乙支) is a compound surname of Dongyi (東夷), and Ji (支) is a translation of power (力) and knowledge (知)”, that is, “Lai”. (乙支, 東夷複姓, 支, 力知翻), his surname.

The old Chinese character sound of “Al(乙)-Lai(支)-” is written as “Alai+Kon(khan)” in Turkic.

 The reason why “Gae(蓋氏)” is the same as “Alai=Eulji(乙支)” is because Gae is the word “Keo/Keul-ssi” in Goguryeo, which is the same as “Eulji(乙支)” and “Keul-ssi(걸씨, 乞氏=대씨)” which were the old sounds of “Keul-ssi” at the time, and also the same as “Kil(클/이리)-가(伊梨-柯)-“, and also the same as the “Kal/Keul(曷,갈)” of Galboksun(曷福順) or Gaeboksun(蓋福順) mentioned earlier. This is a surname written in Chinese characters with pure Goguryeo sounds, and it is originally the same surname as “Keo-ssi (Keo-clan 高氏).”

 “Otli Kon”, or “A-d. l (男)-na (生)-khan” “Adalla (阿達羅)-gakgan” had two younger brothers, Cheon Nam-geon (泉男建), who drove him out to Tang and became Daemak-riji (大莫離支), and “Cheon Nam-san (泉南産)”, who also became “Tae-dae-mak-riji (太大莫離支)” according to the epitaph.

 The fight between these three brothers led to the destruction of Goguryeo (高句麗), which had a long history of nearly 710 years since its founding in 37 BC, in 668.

The eldest of them, “Cheon Nam-saeng (泉男生)”, is “Otli Kon” in <The Garden of Fortune, Firdaus al-iqbal, History of Khorezm>, “Ettela Cha” in <A General History of the Turks, Moguls, and Tatars>, and “Ansil Kon” in <Taikh-I Arba' Ulus, 四汗國, Four Khan Countries>.